经纬仪伺服功率级现状和发展趋势

介绍了伺服功率级的现状，在此基础上得出了伺服驱动及控制技术的发展方向，并结合实际运用情况，提出了设计多功能的通用功率级的设计思路和实施方案。     

Does anticipation training affect drivers' risk taking?

Skill and risk taking are argued to be independent and to require different remedial programs. However, it is possible to contend that skill-based training could be associated with an increase, a decrease, or no change in risk-taking behavior. In 3 experiments, the authors examined the influence of a skill-based training program (hazard perception) on the risk-taking behavior of car drivers (using video-based driving simulations). Experiment 1 demonstrated a decrease in risk taking for novice drivers. In Experiment 2, the authors examined the possibilities that the skills training might operate through either a nonspecific reduction in risk taking or a specific improvement in hazard perception. Evidence supported the latter. These findings were replicated in a more ecological context in Experiment 3, which compared advanced and nonadvanced police drivers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

专用设备驱动程序交互式生成器的设计与实现

主要作为电子高科技的重点领域，专用实时设备无论类别和型号，抑或数量和质量，均与日俱增，令人目不暇接。它们的高效管理与灵活加接，是任何计算机专用实时系统不可或缺的基本功能，其驱动模块随之成为任何专用实时系统无法回避的设计难点。本文介绍我们自行研制的专用实时设备驱动程序交互式生成器ＲＴＤＧ的设计与实现。     

Snowpack response in the Assiniboine-Red River basin associated with projected global warming of 1.0 °C to 3.0 °C

This study assesses snow response in the Assiniboine-Red River basin, located in the Lake Winnipeg watershed, due to anthropogenic climate change. We use a process-based distributed snow model driven by an ensemble of eight statistically downscaled global climate models (GCMs) to project future changes under policy-relevant global mean temperature (GMT) increases of 1.0 °C to 3.0 °C above the pre-industrial period. Results indicate that basin scale seasonal warmings generally exceed the GMT increases, with greater warming in winter months. The majority of GCMs project wetter winters and springs, and drier summers, while autumn could become either drier or wetter. An analysis of snow water equivalent (SWE) responses under GMT changes reveal higher correlations of snow cover duration (SCD), snowmelt rate, maximum SWE (SWE_max) and timing of SWE_max with winter and spring temperatures compared to precipitation, implying that these variables are predominantly temperature controlled. Consequently, under the GMT increases from 1.0 °C to 3.0 °C, the basin will experience successively shorter SCD, slower snowmelt, smaller monthly SWE and SWE_max, earlier SWE_max, and a transition from snow-dominated to rain-snow hybrid regime. Further, while the winter precipitation increases for some GCMs compensate the temperature-driven changes in SWE, the increases for most GCMs occur as rainfall, thus limiting the positive contribution to snow storage. Overall, this study provides a detailed diagnosis of the snow regime changes under the policy-relevant GMT changes, and a basis for further investigations on water quantity and quality changes.     

基于MCGS的步进电机控制系统设计

设计了一种分层式的步进电机控制系统,现场控制层以AT89C52单片机为主控芯片,通过软件编程实现对步进电机的启停、正反转及调速控制,上位机监控层在工控组态软件MCGS平台下开发,操作界面直观友好,可以方便地对现场步进电机控制系统发布控制命令和参数;为解决现场控制层与监控层间数据交互问题,开发了基于MCGS的51单片机驱动构件;实际运行结果表明,整个系统实时性、稳定性良好,完全达到设计要求。     

基于RTX实时系统ARINC429总线通信驱动开发

某型导弹模拟器采用ARINC429总线通信,根据通信协议的实时性要求,通信板卡需要运行在实时环境中,因此设计并实现基于RTX实时环境下PCI插槽的ARINC429总线驱动;在简要介绍ARINC429通信板卡和RTX实时子系统的基础上,将硬件板卡从Windows环境下转换到RTX环境,详细介绍了驱动系统结构以及标准驱动的实现步骤和关键技术,并通过实验测试证明,该驱动程序能够准确可靠实现总线数据的接收和发送,且实时性良好.     

LIRC设备驱动程序的设计和实现

红外遥控是目前常用的一种对日常设备的遥控方法,同样我们也可以用他来实现对电脑的遥控。介绍了在linux环境下使用红外设备遥控pc机的方法及基本原理,重点分析了红外设备驱动如何实现对设备的管理,如何得到红外信号并将信号传给上层用户空间的过程。     

基于xPC目标的实时I／O接口技术研究

使用xPC目标可以将一台PC兼容机制转变为一个实时系统,来实现控制系统的快速原型化、硬件在回路中的测试,与传统方法相比方便、快捷很多。在工程应用中,负责与目标硬件进行实时通信的I／O接口是由I／O板卡及相应的设备驱动程序构成,这也是xPC目标实现的基础。在对比、论述xPC目标所支持的PCI和ISA两种主要总线类型I／O接口技术的基础上,对基于PCI总线的DAQ和多串口设备驱动进行了实际测试。     

Driving with pets and motor vehicle collision involvement among older drivers: A prospective population-based study

ObjectiveDistracted driving is a major cause of motor vehicle collision (MVC) involvement. Pets have been identified as potential distraction to drivers, particularly in the front. This type of distraction could be worse for those with impairment in the cognitive aspects of visual processing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between driving with pets and rates of motor vehicle collision involvement in a cohort of older drivers.MethodsA three-year prospective study was conducted in a population-based sample of 2000 licensed drivers aged 70 years and older. At the baseline visit, a trained interviewer asked participants about pet ownership, whether they drive with pets, how frequently, and where the pet sits in the vehicle. Motor vehicle collision (MVC) involvement during the three-year study period was obtained from the Alabama Department of Public Safety. At-fault status was determined by the police officer who arrived on the scene. Participants were followed until the earliest of death, driving cessation, or end of the study period. Poisson regression was used to calculate crude and adjusted rate ratios (RR) examining the association between pet ownership, presence of a pet in a vehicle, frequency of driving with a pet, and location of the pet inside with vehicle with any and at-fault MVC involvement. We examined whether the associations differed by higher order visual processing impairment status, as measured by Useful Field of View, Trails B, and Motor-free Visual Perception Test.ResultsRates of crash involvement were similar for older adults who have ever driven with a pet compared to those who never drove with their pet (RR = 1.15, 95% CI 0.76–1.75). Drivers who reported always or sometimes driving with their pet had higher MVC rates compared to pet owners who never drive with a pet, but this association was not statistically significant (RR = 1.39, 95% CI 0.86–2.24). In terms of location, those reporting having a pet frequently ride in the front of the vehicle had similar rates of MVC involvement compared to those who did not drive with a pet in the front. A similar pattern of results was observed for at-fault MVCs. This association was not modified by visual processing impairment status.ConclusionThe current study demonstrates a positive but non-significant association between frequently driving with pets and MVC involvement. More research is needed, particularly on restraint use and whether the pet was in the car at the time of the crash, to help characterize the public safety benefit of regulations on driving with pets.